[PubMed] [Google Scholar] 58

[PubMed] [Google Scholar] 58. those with nonCCOVID\19 GBS. The EDx pattern was considered demyelinating in approximately half of the cases. Cerebrospinal fluid, when assessed, demonstrated albuminocytologic dissociation in 76% of patients and was negative for severe acute respiratory distress syndromeCcoronavirus\2 (SARS\CoV\2) in all cases. Serum antiganglioside antibodies were absent in 15 of 17 patients tested. Most patients were treated with a single course of intravenous immunoglobulin, and improvement was noted within 8?weeks in most cases. GBS\associated COVID\19 DUSP8 appears to be an uncommon condition with similar clinical and EDx patterns to GBS before the pandemic. Future studies should compare patients with COVID\19Cassociated GBS to those with contemporaneous nonCCOVID\19 GBS and determine whether the incidence of GBS is elevated in those with COVID\19. the diagnostic criteria for GBS and details of subtype classification (acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy [AIDP], acute motor axonal neuropathy [AMAN], acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy [AMSAN], and Miller Fisher syndrome [MFS]) used by the authors of Irbesartan (Avapro) the articles, because formal review and classification of the patients was limited by the lack of availability of complete data. We then applied the Hadden electrophysiological criteria for GBS (P.N., R.C.) to each case, depending on data availability, and compared the original diagnosis to the Irbesartan (Avapro) Hadden criteria diagnosis. 8 Descriptive statistics were used. Varying denominators represent the number of patients for whom the data were available. 3.?RESULTS 3.1. Clinical presentation and course A total of 45 patients from 29 published articles (see Table S1 online) were available for analysis. 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 One series of eight patients was excluded due uncertainty about the diagnosis of COVID\19 Irbesartan (Avapro) 37 and incomplete neurological data leaving 37 patients from 28 publications in the final analysis. Table ?Table11 provides the demographic and clinical data of the 37 patients. Irbesartan (Avapro) The mean age of the patients was 58.7?years. Most (90%) were at least age 50?years old, and 65% were male. The most common COVID\19 symptoms were cough, fever, or both, and the diagnosis was confirmed by nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, or fecal real time polymerase chain reaction (RT\PCR) (81%) or by SARS\COV\2 immunoglobulin G or M antibody testing (19%). Abnormalities on pulmonary imaging were noted in 24 (68.9%) patients, consisting of ground\glass opacities, interstitial pneumonitis, consolidation, or bibasilar opacities. Two patients presented with neurological symptoms. Both reported exposure to COVID\19 but did not have systemic symptoms at presentation. They had pulmonary ground\glass opacities on computed tomography (CT) of the chest, indicating asymptomatic infection. 15 , 36 For the remainder, the mean time to onset of neurological symptoms was 11 ?6.5?days (range, 3\28?days) from the onset of COVID\19 and a majority of patients (31 of 37, 84%) developed GBS while experiencing ongoing symptoms from COVID\19. Limb paresthesias or pain and weakness were the most common symptoms on presentation and most patients developed varying degrees of extremity weakness during the course of the illness. Most patients developed limb weakness during the course of their illness and more than a third required mechanical ventilation. Irbesartan (Avapro) In the 16 patients for whom data were available, the mean time to nadir of neurological symptoms was 5?days (range, 1.5\10?days). TABLE 1 Demographics and.